lactone
Intramolecular cyclic ester
A lactone is a cyclic ester—a ring-shaped molecule formed when an alcohol group and a carboxylic acid group within the same molecule bond together, releasing water.
Lactones occur widely in nature, contributing to the flavors and aromas of fruits, butter, and fermented foods.
They're also important in pharmaceuticals and polymer chemistry.
Fuzzy stone fruit
- apricotFuzzy orange stone fruit
- coconutHard-shelled tropical drupe
- butteryRich like a spread
- creamySmooth and rich
fruity · caramel · sweet · vanilla · dairy · fermented · ripe · tropical
Forming esters chemically
- intramolecularWithin a single molecule
- polymerizationMonomers bonding into chains
- cyclizationClosing into rings
- hydrolysisWater-induced bond cleavage
stereochemistry · chirality · synthesis · organic chemistry · anhydride · biosynthesis · enzymatic · saponification
Fragrant liquid for wearing
- coumarinFragrant organic plant compound
- muskAnimal-derived fragrance base
- amberHardened ancient tree secretion
- tuberoseFragrant Mexican perennial
scent · aroma · olfactory · woody · gourmand · base note · fixative · synthetic
Bacteria-killing medication
- bioactiveAffecting living tissue
- natural productCompound from living sources
- erythromycinMacrolide antimicrobial medication
- azithromycinMacrolide antibacterial medication
lovastatin · statin · chemotherapy · metabolism · substrate · drug delivery · cardiac glycoside
peach
Fuzzy stone fruit
creamy · fruity · caramel · sweet · vanilla · dairy · fermented · ripe · tropical · stone fruit
esterification
Forming esters chemically
- intramolecularWithin a single molecule
- polymerizationMonomers bonding into chains
- cyclizationClosing into rings
hydrolysis · stereochemistry · chirality · synthesis · organic chemistry · anhydride · biosynthesis · enzymatic · saponification
perfume
Fragrant liquid for wearing
- coumarinFragrant organic plant compound
- muskAnimal-derived fragrance base
- amberHardened ancient tree secretion
tuberose · scent · aroma · olfactory · woody · gourmand · base note · fixative · synthetic · natural
antibiotic
Bacteria-killing medication
- bioactiveAffecting living tissue
- natural productCompound from living sources
- erythromycinMacrolide antimicrobial medication
azithromycin · lovastatin · statin · chemotherapy · metabolism · substrate · drug delivery · cardiac glycoside
- lactose intolerantUnable to digest milk sugar
- lactose intoleranceInability to process milk sugar
- lactose freeWithout milk's natural sugar
- lactose-free milkDairy drink without milk sugar