industrialization
Shift to manufacturing
Industrialization is the process of developing industries in a country or region on a wide scale.
The term typically describes the shift from agricultural economies to manufacturing-based ones, with factories replacing farms as the center of economic life.
The Industrial Revolution refers to the original wave of industrialization in 18th- and 19th-century Britain and Europe.
Countries industrialize at different rates: China's rapid industrialization transformed global manufacturing.
Industrial production facility
- millGrain-crushing facility
- foundryMetal casting facility
- plantBotanical organism
- forgeFurnace for shaping metal
shipyard · steelworks · refinery · smelter · assembly · mass-production · machinery · mechanization
All available workers
- wagesPayment for work
- unionsCombinations or confederations
- strikesRefusals to work collectively
- child laborMinors performing paid work
working class · proletariat · exploitation · migration · urbanization · tenements · shift work · foreman
Coming into view
- developingBecoming more advanced
- modernizationAdoption of current methods
- infrastructureBasic physical systems
- investmentDeploying capital for returns
growth · export · globalization · trade · liberalization · import substitution
Of a prim era
- steamHeated water's gaseous form
- coalCombustible sedimentary rock
- ironElement twenty-six
- railroadPermanent track for trains
telegraph · locomotive · capitalism · expansion · colonialism · mercantilism · nineteenth-century · Gilded Age
Environmental harm from waste
- smogSunlight-activated urban pollution
- urbanizationPopulation shift toward cities
- slumsImpoverished, crowded districts
- inequalityUnequal distribution of resources
displacement · deforestation · exploitation · reform · regulation · sustainability · emissions · environmental degradation
factory
Industrial production facility
forge · shipyard · steelworks · refinery · smelter · assembly · mass-production · machinery · mechanization · textiles
workforce
All available workers
child labor · working class · proletariat · exploitation · migration · urbanization · tenements · shift work · foreman · overtime
emerging
Coming into view
- developingBecoming more advanced
- modernizationAdoption of current methods
- infrastructureBasic physical systems
investment · growth · export · globalization · trade · liberalization · import substitution
Victorian
Of a prim era
railroad · telegraph · locomotive · capitalism · expansion · colonialism · mercantilism · nineteenth-century · Gilded Age · revolution
pollution
Environmental harm from waste
- smogSunlight-activated urban pollution
- urbanizationPopulation shift toward cities
- slumsImpoverished, crowded districts
inequality · displacement · deforestation · exploitation · reform · regulation · sustainability · emissions · environmental degradation · resource depletion
- Victorian eraparlour, Victorian etiquette, etiquette, parlor games, courtship
- Industrial Revolutionsteam engine, railroad, factory, coal, iron
- modernizationdigitalization, digitization, computerization, mechanization, technology adoption
- comparative historycolonialism, imperialism, revolutions, modernization, slavery
- civilization factorsurbanization, modernization, agriculture, writing, literacy
- economic developmenteconomic development, jobs, rural development, urbanization, job creation
industrializationagrarianism
Doctrine valuing farm life
pastoralism · agricultural society · subsistence farming · cottage industry · feudalism
industrializationdeindustrialization
Loss of industrial capacity
industrial decline · factory closures · economic decline · primitivism · Luddism
industrializationpastoralism
Mobile livestock husbandry
naturalism · primitivism · back-to-the-land · ruralism · rewilding