deglobalization
Retreat from interconnection
Deglobalization is the reversal or slowing of global economic integration—the unwinding of interconnected trade, investment, and supply chains that characterized late 20th-century globalization.
The term gained currency after 2008 as nations pursued protectionist policies, reshored manufacturing, or prioritized domestic production: The pandemic accelerated deglobalization as countries sought to reduce dependence on foreign suppliers.
Relocating production domestically
- nearshoringRelocating work to neighboring countries
- onshoringRelocating operations domestically
- supply chain disruptionInterrupted flow of goods
- domestic productionCreating goods within one's country
industrial policy · self-sufficiency · import substitution · economic nationalism · autarky · vertical integration · local sourcing · economic independence
Policy avoiding foreign alliances
- retrenchmentReduction of expenditures
- disengagementWithdrawal from involvement
- withdrawalAct of taking away
- pullbackWithdrawal or reduction
unilateralism · Brexit · sovereignty · national interest · border closure · immigration restriction · anti-globalism
Taxes on imports
- import quotasLimits on foreign purchases
- export controlsRestrictions on foreign sales
- trade barriersRestrictions on cross-border commerce
- sanctionsPunitive international restrictions
embargoes · customs duties · anti-dumping · trade restrictions · licensing requirements · mercantilism · trade war · border control
Politics favoring ordinary citizens
- cultural resistanceOpposing mainstream through heritage
- anti-establishmentOpposing dominant institutions
- rust beltDeclining industrial region
- deindustrializationLoss of industrial capacity
Exchange within a territory
- local sourcingObtaining goods nearby
- farmers marketsOpen-air local food bazaars
- slow movementLeisurely pace of travel
reshoring
Relocating production domestically
- nearshoringRelocating work to neighboring countries
- onshoringRelocating operations domestically
- supply chain disruptionInterrupted flow of goods
domestic production · industrial policy · self-sufficiency · import substitution · economic nationalism · autarky · vertical integration · local sourcing · economic independence
isolationism
Policy avoiding foreign alliances
- retrenchmentReduction of expenditures
- disengagementWithdrawal from involvement
- withdrawalAct of taking away
pullback · unilateralism · Brexit · sovereignty · national interest · border closure · immigration restriction · anti-globalism
tariffs
Taxes on imports
- import quotasLimits on foreign purchases
- export controlsRestrictions on foreign sales
- trade barriersRestrictions on cross-border commerce
sanctions · embargoes · customs duties · anti-dumping · trade restrictions · licensing requirements · mercantilism · trade war · border control · subsidies
populism
Politics favoring ordinary citizens
- cultural resistanceOpposing mainstream through heritage
- anti-establishmentOpposing dominant institutions
- rust beltDeclining industrial region
job losses · deindustrialization · wage stagnation · race to bottom
regional trade
Exchange within a territory
- local sourcingObtaining goods nearby
- farmers marketsOpen-air local food bazaars
- slow movementLeisurely pace of travel
- globalizationfree trade, multinationals, interdependence, multinational corporations, WTO
- Megatrendsclimate change, digitalization, AI, decarbonization, urbanization
- protectionismprotectionism, trade barriers, tariffs, import quotas, trade restrictions
deglobalizationglobalization
Worldwide economic and cultural integration
global integration · economic integration · free trade · internationalization · multilateralism
deglobalizationglobalism
Cross-border economic integration doctrine
cosmopolitanism · open borders · internationalism · global integration · global connectivity
deglobalizing, globalization, globalize, globalized, globalizing, global, globally, globe, globes