cis-trans isomers
Same formula, different arrangement
Cis-trans isomers are molecules with identical chemical formulas and bond structures but different spatial arrangements around a rigid bond, typically a double bond.
In the cis configuration, similar groups sit on the same side; in trans, they're on opposite sides.
The distinction matters in chemistry and biology—cis and trans fats behave differently in the body.
Also called geometric isomers.
Molecular rearrangement keeping same atoms
- equilibriumState of balance
- energy barrierMinimum needed to react
- activation energyMinimum energy for transformation
- catalysisAccelerating reactions without consumption
Spatially distinct molecular forms
- spatial arrangementPositioning of elements in space
- isomerismSame formula, different arrangements
- chiralityMirror-image non-superimposability
- enantiomersMirror-image molecular pairs
stereochemistry · isomeric · conformation · axial · equatorial · Fischer projection
Two shared electron pairs
- pi bondLateral electron density sharing
- alkeneDoubly-bonded carbon compound
- olefinUnsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon
- conjugationVerb form variation system
isomerization
Molecular rearrangement keeping same atoms
- equilibriumState of balance
- energy barrierMinimum needed to react
- activation energyMinimum energy for transformation
catalysis · retinal · vision · reversible · photochemistry
stereoisomers
Spatially distinct molecular forms
- spatial arrangementPositioning of elements in space
- isomerismSame formula, different arrangements
- chiralityMirror-image non-superimposability
enantiomers · stereochemistry · isomeric · conformation · axial · equatorial · Fischer projection
double bond
Two shared electron pairs
octahedral
Eight-faced geometric form
- chelationChemical metal-ion capture
- geometric isomers