Yang-Mills theory
Non-abelian gauge theory
Yang-Mills theory is a framework in theoretical physics describing how fundamental particles interact through force-carrying fields.
It extends electromagnetism to explain the strong and weak nuclear forces, forming the mathematical foundation of the Standard Model.
The theory introduces gauge fields that themselves carry the charge they mediate—unlike photons, which are electrically neutral.
Yang-Mills equations remain central to particle physics and pure mathematics alike.
quantum chromodynamics
Strong force exchange particles
- quarksFundamental hadron components
- confinementState of being restricted
- hadronsQuark-containing composite particles
- baryonsThree-quark subatomic particles
standard model
Half-spin matter constituents
- leptonsFundamental particles, not quarks
- neutrinosNearly massless, chargeless fermions
- particle physicsStudy of subatomic constituents
gauge structure
A joining or relation
- covariant derivativeGeneralized derivative on manifolds
- parallel transportVector movement preserving covariant derivative
- curvatureDeviation from flatness
mathematical physics
Consistent, predictable occurrence
- propagatorOne who spreads further
- vertexPoint where edges converge
- anomaliesDepartures from expected patterns
- topologyStudy of spatial arrangement
gluons
Strong force exchange particles
- quarksFundamental hadron components
- confinementState of being restricted
- hadronsQuark-containing composite particles
fermions
Half-spin matter constituents
- leptonsFundamental particles, not quarks
- neutrinosNearly massless, chargeless fermions
- particle physicsStudy of subatomic constituents
connection
A joining or relation
- covariant derivativeGeneralized derivative on manifolds
- parallel transportVector movement preserving covariant derivative
- curvatureDeviation from flatness
regularity
Consistent, predictable occurrence
- propagatorOne who spreads further
- vertexPoint where edges converge
- anomaliesDepartures from expected patterns
- Gauge Theorycovariant derivative, connection, parallel transport
- QCDquarks, gluons, strong force, confinement, antiquarks
- mysteriesmystery, enigma, enigmas, puzzle, riddle
- Fundamental Physicsgravity, electromagnetism, strong force, weak force, electromagnetic force