John Marshall
John Marshall served as the fourth Chief Justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835, the longest tenure in Supreme Court history.
His rulings established judicial review and expanded federal power, shaping American constitutional law.
Marshall's opinion in Marbury v. Madison established the Court's authority to strike down unconstitutional laws.
Courts invalidating unconstitutional acts
- Marbury v. MadisonLandmark ruling establishing judicial review
- supremacyHighest rank or power
- federalismDivided governmental authority system
- separation of powersConstitutional distribution of authority
enumerated powers · necessary and proper · national bank · interstate commerce · checks and balances · judicial power · ratification · bill of rights
Landmark ruling establishing judicial review
- contract clauseSpecific provision in agreement
- judicial precedentPrior ruling guiding courts
- constitutional lawLegal principles from founding documents
- federal powerNational government's jurisdiction
Nation's top tribunal
- chief justicePresiding judge, highest court
- benchShared seating surface
- opinionSubjective personal belief
- precedentPrior authoritative example
appellate · doctrine · judiciary · adjudicate · courtroom · legal reasoning · judgment · tribunal
Having considerable effect
- transformativeCausing major change
- judicial independenceFreedom of courts from control
- federal judiciaryCourts of national government
- American lawLegal system of the States
Early republic's key architect
- VirginianOld Dominion native
- Revolutionary WarColonial uprising against Britain
- Continental ArmyColonial rebel military force
- Secretary of StateTop diplomatic cabinet position
diplomat · Federalist · nationalist · republic · early American · framers · statesman · patriot
judicial review
Courts invalidating unconstitutional acts
- Marbury v. MadisonLandmark ruling establishing judicial review
- supremacyHighest rank or power
- federalismDivided governmental authority system
separation of powers · enumerated powers · necessary and proper · national bank · interstate commerce · checks and balances · judicial power · ratification · bill of rights · due process
Marbury v. Madison
Landmark ruling establishing judicial review
- contract clauseSpecific provision in agreement
- judicial precedentPrior ruling guiding courts
- constitutional lawLegal principles from founding documents
Supreme Court
Nation's top tribunal
- chief justicePresiding judge, highest court
- benchShared seating surface
- opinionSubjective personal belief
precedent · appellate · doctrine · judiciary · adjudicate · courtroom · legal reasoning · judgment · tribunal · dissent
influential
Having considerable effect
- transformativeCausing major change
- judicial independenceFreedom of courts from control
- federal judiciaryCourts of national government
Founding Father
Early republic's key architect
- VirginianOld Dominion native
- Revolutionary WarColonial uprising against Britain
- Continental ArmyColonial rebel military force
Secretary of State · diplomat · Federalist · nationalist · republic · early American · framers · statesman · patriot · American Revolution
- Chief JusticesEarl Warren, William Taft
- Early RepublicGeorge Washington, Founding Fathers, Thomas Jefferson, Constitutional Convention, Alexander Hamilton
- FederalistsAlexander Hamilton, Federalist Papers, George Washington
- Founding FathersGeorge Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison
- Jefferson EraThomas Jefferson, Democratic-Republicans, Louisiana Purchase, Monticello, Lewis and Clark
- Supreme Courtchief justice, associate justices, justices, certiorari, oral arguments
John Marshallstrict constructionist
Literal constitutional interpreter
John C. Calhoun · Thomas Jefferson · Andrew Jackson · Patrick Henry · decentralists
marshal, John, Johnny, marshals, Jonathan, marshalled, marshalling, Marshalls