Dualism
Mind-body philosophical split
Dualism is the idea that reality consists of two fundamental, irreducible substances or principles.
In philosophy of mind, this usually means the division between mental and physical—the belief that consciousness exists separately from the brain.
Cartesian dualism, after Descartes, holds that mind and body are distinct substances that somehow interact.
Religious dualism posits opposing forces like good and evil, light and darkness: Zoroastrian dualism influenced later monotheistic traditions.
The term applies wherever thinkers divide the world into two essential categories rather than reducing everything to one.
Mental-physical relationship
- DescartesCogito ergo sum's author
- substancePhysical material with mass
- CartesianOf x-y coordinate geometry
- metaphysicsPhilosophy of existence's nature
consciousness · materialism · monism · soul · physicalism · mental · immaterial · pineal gland
Basic moral polarity
- ZoroastrianismAncient dualistic Persian religion
- GnosticismSalvation through hidden wisdom
- SatanJudeo-Christian arch-enemy of God
- cosmic struggleConflict on universal scale
yin-yang · demiurge · fallen world · salvation · spiritual warfare · theodicy · eschatology · redemption
Involving both government and business
- subject-objectCore syntactic functions
- colonialismDomination through foreign settlement
- dichotomyDivision into contrasting parts
- polarizationSeparation into opposing extremes
Involving both major parties
- oppositionActive resistance or dissent
- binaryConsisting of two parts
- polarizedSplit into opposing factions
- left-rightSide-to-side directional pair
democracy · coalition · adversarial · Westminster · Congress · divided government · partisanship · swing voter
Divided governmental authority system
- church-stateReligion-government relationship
- separation of powersConstitutional distribution of authority
- jurisdictionLegal authority's scope
- concurrentHappening at once
supremacy · constitutional · secular · establishment clause · canon law · religious courts
mind-body
Mental-physical relationship
- DescartesCogito ergo sum's author
- substancePhysical material with mass
- CartesianOf x-y coordinate geometry
metaphysics · consciousness · materialism · monism · soul · physicalism · mental · immaterial · pineal gland · interactionism
good-evil
Basic moral polarity
- ZoroastrianismAncient dualistic Persian religion
- GnosticismSalvation through hidden wisdom
- SatanJudeo-Christian arch-enemy of God
cosmic struggle · yin-yang · demiurge · fallen world · salvation · spiritual warfare · theodicy · eschatology · redemption
public-private
Involving both government and business
- subject-objectCore syntactic functions
- colonialismDomination through foreign settlement
- dichotomyDivision into contrasting parts
binary thinking · polarization · Western thought · holism · integration
bipartisan
Involving both major parties
- oppositionActive resistance or dissent
- binaryConsisting of two parts
- polarizedSplit into opposing factions
left-right · democracy · coalition · adversarial · Westminster · Congress · divided government · partisanship · swing voter · gridlock
federalism
Divided governmental authority system
- church-stateReligion-government relationship
- separation of powersConstitutional distribution of authority
- jurisdictionLegal authority's scope
concurrent · supremacy · constitutional · secular · establishment clause · canon law · religious courts
Dualismmonism
Single-substance metaphysics
nonduality · pluralism · materialism · Advaita · physicalism
Dualismmonism
Single-substance metaphysics
moral relativism · amoralism · theodicy · pantheism · Taoism
Dualismholism
Wholes trump components
unity · non-duality · integration · oneness · monism
- duality of manCoexisting opposite impulses within
- property dualismMental traits aren't physical traits