sun's surface
- photosphereStar's light-emitting surface
- coronaStar's outermost atmosphere
- sunspotsDark patches on star
- solar flaresSudden solar surface eruptions
- plasmaElectrified matter state
chromosphere · granulation · magnetic field · prominences · fusion · hydrogen · helium · convection · heat · radiation · brightness · incandescent · bubbling · roiling · scorching · blinding · golden · fiery
temperature extremes
sun's surfaceabsolute zero
Theoretical minimum temperature
deep space · liquid nitrogen · ice core · permafrost · frozen wasteland
cosmic environment
sun's surfaceintergalactic space
Region between galaxy clusters
black hole · empty space · event horizon · shadow · dark matter