coal measures
Fossil fuel layers
Coal measures are geological strata containing coal seams interspersed with layers of shale, sandite, and clay.
The term typically refers to rock formations from the Carboniferous period, when ancient swamps compressed into coal deposits: The coal measures of Pennsylvania supported the region's mining industry for generations.
- Carboniferous periodCoal-forming geologic era
- shaleCompacted clay sediment
- sedimentationParticles settling in liquid
- paleobotanyStudy of ancient flora
- miningExtracting earth's resources
deep mining · mine shaft · sandstone · fireclay · Westphalian · fossil record · compaction · mudstone · stratigraphy · sedimentary rock · energy production · fossil fuels · iron ore · steelmaking · steam engine · colliery · industrialization · anthracite
- coalanthracite, bituminous, lignite, slack, culm
- British geologychalk, flint, limestone, shale, sandstone
- geologybedrock, fault lines, faults, rock, basalt
- coal typescharcoal, anthracite, lignite, peat, coke
rock formation type
coal measuresigneous rock
Crystallized molten material
volcanic formations · lava beds · metamorphic rock · granite · basalt