working paper
Research in progress
A working paper is a preliminary document presenting research or policy analysis before formal publication.
Unlike finished papers, working papers invite feedback and may undergo significant revision: The economist circulated a working paper on inflation.
Academic departments and think tanks publish working paper series to share findings quickly while peer review proceeds.
- draftPreliminary version of text
- first draftEarliest written version
- manuscriptOriginal text before publication
- researchSystematic fact-finding effort
- preliminaryBefore the main part
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- schoolworkhomework, assignment, assignments, reading, essays
- research papersjournal article, scholarly article, dissertation, original research, research report
- scholarly sourcesjournal article, scholarly article, scholarly journal, dissertation, thesis
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- Model UNdelegate, committee, resolution, caucus, bloc
- journalsjournals, journal, diary, diaries, personal diaries
working paperpeer-reviewed article
Publication evaluated by experts
journal article · book chapter · monograph · official report · white paper
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