sakoku
Japan's sealed borders
Sakoku was Japan's policy of national isolation from 1633 to 1853, during which the Tokugawa shogunate severely restricted foreign trade and prohibited most Japanese from leaving the country.
The policy aimed to eliminate foreign influence, particularly Christianity, and consolidate shogunal power.
Only limited Dutch and Chinese trade continued through the port of Nagasaki.
The term now appears in discussions of isolationist policies: Critics called the new trade restrictions a kind of economic sakoku.
Military dictatorship in Japan
- TokugawaRuling samurai dynasty, 1600s-1800s
- NagasakiSecond city bombed atomically
- Dutch East India CompanyHistoric colonial trading corporation
- daimyoJapanese feudal landowner
sankin-kotai · VOC · Kyushu
Voluntary withdrawal from society
- autarkyComplete economic independence
- protectionismShielding local producers
- insularityNarrow detachment from broader views
- self-sufficiencyIndependence from outside aid
withdrawal · anti-foreign · xenophobia · travel ban · trade monopoly
- gunboat diplomacyPersuasion through naval presence
- YokohamaJapanese port city
- extraterritorialityLegal reach beyond borders
Ties between sovereign states
- trade restrictionsBarriers limiting international exchange
- border controlRegulating cross-country movement
- diplomatic isolationSevered foreign relations
- state monopolyExclusive governmental market control
shogunate
Military dictatorship in Japan
- TokugawaRuling samurai dynasty, 1600s-1800s
- NagasakiSecond city bombed atomically
- Dutch East India CompanyHistoric colonial trading corporation
daimyo · sankin-kotai · VOC · Kyushu
seclusion
Voluntary withdrawal from society
- autarkyComplete economic independence
- protectionismShielding local producers
- insularityNarrow detachment from broader views
self-sufficiency · withdrawal · anti-foreign · xenophobia · travel ban · trade monopoly
Matthew Perry
- gunboat diplomacyPersuasion through naval presence
- YokohamaJapanese port city
- extraterritorialityLegal reach beyond borders
foreign relations
Ties between sovereign states
- trade restrictionsBarriers limiting international exchange
- border controlRegulating cross-country movement
- diplomatic isolationSevered foreign relations
- Edo Japanshogun, samurai, shogunate, daimyo, Tokugawa
- Shogunate Japanshogun, shogunate, samurai, daimyo, Tokugawa
- feudal Japansamurai, shogun, daimyo, shogunate, bushido
- Bakumatsushogunate, Emperor Meiji, imperial forces, loyalists, rebels
- Shogunateshogun, shogunate, Tokugawa Ieyasu, Tokugawa, sankin-kotai
- Japanese Historyshogunate, samurai, Tokugawa Ieyasu, shogun, daimyo
sakokuopen-door policy
Unrestricted access principle
internationalism · globalism · free trade · open borders · cosmopolitanism
sakokufree trade
Unrestricted international exchange
open ports · globalization · economic integration · export economy
sakokucosmopolitanism
Belief in shared humanity
multiculturalism · cultural exchange · internationalization · westernization · syncretism