phrenologist

A phrenologist is a practitioner of phrenology—the discredited nineteenth-century belief that personality traits and mental faculties could be determined by examining the shape and bumps of the skull.

Phrenologists would feel a person's head and make pronouncements about their character, intelligence, or criminal tendencies.

The practice is now considered pseudoscience, though it influenced early neuroscience by suggesting that different brain regions might have different functions.