deep ocean currents

Deep ocean currents are the slow-moving flows of water in the lower layers of the ocean, driven primarily by differences in water density caused by variations in temperature and salinity rather than by wind.

These currents, also called thermohaline circulation, move cold, dense water from polar regions toward the equator along the ocean floor while warmer surface waters flow poleward.

The process acts as a global conveyor belt, redistributing heat and nutrients across the planet and playing a crucial role in regulating Earth's climate.