Emile Zola
Émile Zola was a nineteenth-century French novelist and journalist, the leading figure of literary naturalism.
His novels depicted working-class life with unflinching realism: prostitution, alcoholism, labor conditions.
Zola is equally remembered for "J'accuse," his open letter defending Alfred Dreyfus against antisemitic persecution, which made his name synonymous with intellectual courage and public conscience.
- RealismMovement depicting ordinary life
- literary realismAccurate portrayal of everyday life
- experimental novelUnconventional narrative prose work
- open letterPublished correspondence for everyone
- Dreyfus AffairFrench antisemitic military injustice
Gustave Flaubert · Charles Darwin · human condition · French literature · hereditary traits · working class · determinism · Guy de Maupassant · Franco-Prussian War · Anton Chekhov · asphyxiation · train · Industrial Revolution · Manet · prostitution · smoke · French · novelist
Emile ZolaVictor Hugo
French nineteenth-century novelist
Alexandre Dumas · Walter Scott · Lord Byron · Percy Bysshe Shelley · William Wordsworth