provençal
Of southeastern France
Provençal written lowercase is uncommon but occasionally appears when referring generally to the cooking style or cultural elements of Provence without emphasizing the regional identity: a provençal herb blend, provençal-style vegetables.
The lowercase form treats the word as a generic descriptor rather than a proper adjective. (Capitalized Provençal is the standard form.)
Major southern French seaport
- NiceSoutheastern French seaside city
- AvignonFrench papal seat
- Côte d'AzurSoutheastern French Mediterranean coast
- MediterraneanSea between Europe, Africa, Asia
lavender fields · vineyards · hilltop villages · ochre · terracotta · cicadas · mistral · sunflowers
Provençal vegetable stew
- bouillabaisseMarseille fish and shellfish stew
- tapenadeSavory olive-caper spread
- aioliGarlic-infused emulsified sauce
- daubeFrench braised meat stew
fougasse · brandade · garlic · olive oil · tomatoes · anchovies · capers · rosemary
Rural and unrefined
- pastoralOf countryside or clergy care
- sun-drenchedFlooded with daylight
- earthenwareLow-temperature fired pottery
- toileTest garment material
Cézanne · Van Gogh · Matisse · impressionist · shutters · wrought iron · terracotta tiles · provincial
Southern French medieval vernaculars
- troubadoursMedieval lyric poet-musicians
- dialectRegional language variety
- patoisRegional informal speech
- CatalanIberian Romance language
vernacular · endangered language · regional speech · oral tradition · poetry · ballads
Marseille
Major southern French seaport
- NiceSoutheastern French seaside city
- AvignonFrench papal seat
- Côte d'AzurSoutheastern French Mediterranean coast
Mediterranean · lavender fields · vineyards · hilltop villages · ochre · terracotta · cicadas · mistral · sunflowers · olive groves
ratatouille
Provençal vegetable stew
- bouillabaisseMarseille fish and shellfish stew
- tapenadeSavory olive-caper spread
- aioliGarlic-infused emulsified sauce
daube · fougasse · brandade · garlic · olive oil · tomatoes · anchovies · capers · rosemary · thyme
rustic
Rural and unrefined
- pastoralOf countryside or clergy care
- sun-drenchedFlooded with daylight
- earthenwareLow-temperature fired pottery
toile · Cézanne · Van Gogh · Matisse · impressionist · shutters · wrought iron · terracotta tiles · provincial · countryside
langue d'oc
Southern French medieval vernaculars
- troubadoursMedieval lyric poet-musicians
- dialectRegional language variety
- patoisRegional informal speech
Catalan · vernacular · endangered language · regional speech · oral tradition · poetry · ballads
provençalParisian
Of France's capital
Île-de-France · metropolitan · cosmopolitan · Norman · Breton
- Provençal cultureSoutheastern French regional heritage