polar orbit

Satellite's north-south circuit

A polar orbit is a satellite trajectory that passes over or near Earth's poles, allowing the spacecraft to observe the entire surface as the planet rotates beneath it.

Weather and reconnaissance satellites often use polar orbits because they eventually cover every point on Earth: The imaging satellite was placed in a polar orbit to map the whole globe.

Related

global coverage · spacecraft · weather satellites · glaciology · cryosphere · environmental monitoring · altitude · rocket · eccentricity · Earth · imaging · axis · pass · spy satellite · surveillance · launch · equator · perigee

Opposites
orbital inclination

polar orbitgeostationary orbit

Rotation-synchronized satellite trajectory

Family

orbit, polar, polarization, orbiting, polarizing, bipolar, polarize, orbital, polarized

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