borrowed terms
Words from elsewhere
Borrowed terms are words or phrases that one language has adopted from another, often retaining some of their original form or pronunciation.
English is particularly rich in borrowed terms, having absorbed vocabulary from Latin, French, German, and dozens of other languages over centuries.
Unlike fully naturalized words, borrowed terms sometimes retain foreign spelling conventions or are italicized in formal writing to signal their origin: The text was peppered with borrowed terms from Japanese.
- phonetic adaptationModifying sounds for native speakers
- calqueBorrowed phrase translated literally
- substrate languageUnderlying displaced linguistic influence
- loanwordsAdopted foreign vocabulary
- loan wordTerm adopted from abroad
cognate · linguistic diffusion · etymology · cultural exchange · false friend · word origin · Anglicism · Gallicism · lost in translation · code-switching · transliteration · pidginization · adopted · bilingualism · native speaker · mother tongue · appropriated · creolization
borrowed termsneologisms
Newly invented words
coinages · blends · portmanteaus · acronyms · derivations