disinformed
Given false data
Disinformed describes someone who has been given false or misleading information, often deliberately.
Unlike uninformed (lacking information) or misinformed (given wrong information, possibly by accident), disinformed carries a stronger suggestion of intentional deception: Voters were disinformed by targeted social media campaigns.
The term gained currency alongside concerns about propaganda and information warfare.
Deceived into believing
- misledCaused to believe falsely
- hoodwinkedTricked into believing falsely
- bamboozledThoroughly deceived or confused
- connedDeceived for gain
tricked · fooled · manipulated · swindled · beguiled · gulled · suckered · taken in
Mentally manipulated into compliance
- indoctrinatedTaught beliefs uncritically
- radicalizedMade politically extreme
- manipulatedControlled through cunning
- propagandizedExposed to biased persuasion
polarized · echo chamber · narrative · spin · bias · agitprop · dogma · censorship
Deliberate untruths
- hoaxDeliberate deception for effect
- fabricationDeliberately untrue statement
- fake newsIntentionally deceptive media content
- untruthA false statement
distortion · canard · myth · rumor · falsity · inaccuracy · bogus · spurious
duped
Deceived into believing
- misledCaused to believe falsely
- hoodwinkedTricked into believing falsely
- bamboozledThoroughly deceived or confused
conned · tricked · fooled · manipulated · swindled · beguiled · gulled · suckered · taken in · led astray
brainwashed
Mentally manipulated into compliance
- indoctrinatedTaught beliefs uncritically
- radicalizedMade politically extreme
- manipulatedControlled through cunning
propagandized · polarized · echo chamber · narrative · spin · bias · agitprop · dogma · censorship · state media
lies
Deliberate untruths
- hoaxDeliberate deception for effect
- fabricationDeliberately untrue statement
- fake newsIntentionally deceptive media content
untruth · distortion · canard · myth · rumor · falsity · inaccuracy · bogus · spurious · apocryphal
disinformedwell-informed
Having much knowledge
informed · in the know · apprised · clued in · briefed
disinformedknowledgeable
Having extensive information
enlightened · aware · educated · cognizant · undeceived
- disinformation campaignDeliberate spreading of false narratives
- disinformation agentOne who spreads falsehoods deliberately