but-for

Were it not

But-for describes causation in legal and philosophical contexts: something is a but-for cause if the outcome wouldn't have occurred without it.

But for the defendant's negligence, the accident wouldn't have happened.

The but-for test asks whether removing one factor would change the result.

Also appears as but for: But for your help, I'd have failed.

causation

proximate

Very near in position

sufficient · intervening · superseding · concurrent · contributing · direct · indirect · legal · substantial · material

counterfactual

hypothetical

Assumed but unproven

without · supposing · assuming · conditional · contingent · scenario · outcome · result · different · unchanged

tort

negligence

Failure to exercise care

harm · plaintiff · defendant · breach · duty · foreseeability · malpractice · wrongful · recoverable · compensable

Opposites
causal necessity

but-forcoincidental

Occurring together by luck

incidental · concurrent · concomitant · accompanying · tangential

causal directness

but-forproximate

Very near in position

remote · indirect · superseding · intervening

causal sufficiency

but-fordirect cause

Immediate source of outcome

overdetermined

Family

but, for

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