Permanent Settlement
Enduring human community
The Permanent Settlement was a land revenue system established in Bengal in 1793 under British colonial rule, fixing tax obligations in perpetuity.
Landlords (zamindars) paid a set amount to the colonial government while collecting what they could from peasants, creating a landed aristocracy with no incentive to improve agricultural productivity.
The policy shaped Indian rural economics for over a century.
- land taxLevy on real estate
- CornwallisBritish commander, Revolutionary War
- property rightsLegal control over possessions
- colonialismDomination through foreign settlement
- landlordismProperty-owner dominance over tenants
East India Company · Mughal Empire · rural poverty · judicial reforms · feudal economy · sunset clause · peasant uprisings · cash crops · bonded labor · economic exploitation · famine · hereditary · Bengal · rent · subsistence farming · estate · fixed · revenue
- Company RajBritish East India Company, East India Company, sepoy, sepoys, factory
Permanent Settlementtent city
Informal settlement of temporary shelters
refugee camp · bivouac · caravan · temporary shelter · squatter camp
Permanent Settlementnomadism
Migratory way of life
nomadic lifestyle · wandering · roaming · roving · rootlessness