Gerald Gardner

Modern witchcraft originator

Gerald Gardner (1884–1964) was a British civil servant and amateur anthropologist who founded Wicca, a modern pagan religion emphasizing witchcraft, nature worship, and ritual magic.

After claiming initiation into a surviving coven of witches in England, he published influential works including *Witchcraft Today* (1954) that established the beliefs and practices now central to contemporary Wiccan traditions.

Gardner is often called the "Father of Wicca."

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Crowley · pagan · neopagan · priestess · Book of Shadows · pentacle · initiation · goddess · magick · cauldron · altar · folklore · naturism · ceremonial · enchantment

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religious innovation vs. religious orthodoxy

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American televangelist, presidential confidant

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occult advocacy vs. anti-occult opposition

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Those pursuing alleged sorcerers

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occultism and paganism vs. mainstream monotheism

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