match officials
- refereeSports rule enforcer
- umpireSports match official
- linesmanSideline sports official
- whistleShrill air-blown sounder
- penaltyPunishment for wrongdoing
foul · offside · VAR · yellow card · red card · decision · call · pitch · sideline · flag · stoppage · booking · dismissal · rules · judgment · impartial · striped · assistant
- soccer officiatingreferee, yellow card, red card, foul, booking
- sports governancegoverning body, regulatory body, FIFA, UEFA, IOC
role in sporting events
match officialsplayers
Game participants
competitors · athletes · participants · contestants · team members
neutrality vs. partisanship
match officialsfans
Ardent admirers or coolers
supporters · partisans · spectators · home crowd · ultras