geological processes
Planet's slow transformations
Geological processes are the natural forces that shape Earth's surface and interior over time.
These include volcanic activity, erosion, sedimentation, tectonic plate movement, and weathering.
Some operate quickly—an earthquake reshapes a landscape in seconds—while others work imperceptibly over millions of years: Geological processes carved the Grand Canyon.
The term appears in earth science, environmental studies, and discussions of landform development.
- plate tectonicsEarth's crust mobility theory
- tectonic shiftFundamental structural transformation
- volcanismSubterranean magma expulsion process
- faultingAttributing blame to another
- erosionGradual wearing away
lava flow · sedimentation · chemical weathering · carbonation · oxidation · deep time · isostasy · rock cycle · glaciation · ice ages · rifting · hydrolysis · subduction · folding · river delta · continental drift · hot spots · volcanic ash
geological processesflash floods
Swift, unexpected water surges
thunderstorms · seasonal cycles · seasonal changes · tornadoes · climate events
geological processesindustrial processes
Methods for large-scale production
biological processes · engineering · construction · manufacturing · urbanization
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